Precast reinforced concrete construction



Jan. 22, 1963 A. HENDERSON PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 17, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 r KL," 2 5 I:

Jan. 22, 1963 A. HENDERSON PRECAST REINFORCED concnmz cons'muc'rzon 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 17, 1957 INVBJTCR. 6465??9'50/05280 ari-0.2%?

P I I Jan. 22, 1963 A. HENDERSON 3,074,209

PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 17, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet a INVENTOR. Q1. BERT l/E/Vflskso Jan. '22, 1963 A. HENDERSON 3,074,209

PRECASI' REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 17, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IIIIIIIII mw J98 INVENT e91. BERT f/EIVDEESO J89 WW 3,974,2tl9 PRECAT REENFQRCED CUNCRETE CQNdTRUfITlGN Albert Henderson, Pittsburgh, Pa, assignor to Cemenstone Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa, a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Sept. 17, 1957, Ser. No. 684,535 6 Claims. (61. 50-181) This invention pertains to precast reinforced concrete columns, girders and iioor members and is a continuation in part my pending application Ser. No. 470,674, Precast Reinforced Concrete Structural Shapes and Assembiies, filed November 23, 1954 (now abandoned).

An object of this invention is to provide the building industry with improved types of precast reinforced girders and particularly those types which are continuous and pass the supporting columns in closely all round abutting fashion, thus providing a shackle around each column. This type of continuous girder rigidly braces the supporting columns in such a fashion as to provide when the door members are installed, excellent lateral horizontal resistance to earthquakes, tornadoes and bombings.

Another object of this invention is to provide a continuous upper and lower reinforcing in the floors and ceilings that extends across the entire building. This upper and lower continuous reinforcing in each floor across the building will provide a construction highly resistant to earthquakes, tornadoes and bombings.

Another object of this invention is to provide a hollow floor system with wiring ducts and outlets.

Another object of this invention is to provide a precast reinforced concrete building whose reinforcement in the columns, girders, and floor or roof members, are all tied together in metallic contact. The only part of the reinforced concrete building which does not shrink is the reinforcing and to weld together the entire reinforcing skeleton in a reinforced concrete building assures a type of building which would be highly resistant to earthquakes, tornadoes and bombings.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved type of connection between the precast reinforced concrete columns, girders and floor members. Rigid reproof-connection is probably the most important part of precast reinforced concrete structures.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a bracketless column and a flat ceiling floor system in which the floor members and their girders have the same depths.

As shown in the accompanying drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a vertical section through a floor system.

PEG. 2 is in fragmentary sectional plan View of a girder and column.

FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are cross sections through several types of girders and floors.

FIG. 8 is an elevational view of a column and girders.

H83. 9 and it) are modifications of FIGS. 3 to 7.

FIG. 11 is a fragmentary plan of a continuous girder and column and beams.

FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view on the line XII- XII of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a sectional plan view of a column.

PEG. 14 is a sectional view of a hollow floor system.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the hollow floor system.

F165. 16, 17 and 18 are cross sections and plan views of another floor system.

t m. A New states Pater t Efiltliidd ime F588. i9, 20, 21 and 22 respectively, show fragmentary sections through other forms of girder and floor members.

FIGS. 23 and 24 are elevational views of other H-columns and H-girders.

FIG. 1 shows an improved continuous girder 1 which rests on brackets 2a of continuous columns 2. Floor members 3 rest on girders l and 4. The girder t is similar to the girder l but has one shelf omitted, so that utside walls can rest on top of the girder 4. A vertical extension 5 on the girder provides additional strength in the girders, if desired. Girders 1 and 4 are hollow and communicate with interior ducts such as 6 in the columns 2, through openings '7. The girders have hand holes at d and metal cap 9 therefor. Girders l and d provide floor areas in that their top sides are flush with the floor members 3. Top reinforcement 10 and bottom reinforcement 11 in the floor members 3 are rigidly secured at their ends to horizontal reinforcing 12 and bottom reinforcing 13 in the girder 1. This arrangement gives continuous top and bottom reinforcing across the entire building, thus providing a very strong building that is able to resist great external and internal forces. Continuity plates 14 are imbedded in the girders and are welded to upper girder primary reinforcing bars 35 and also welded to the ends of the top reinforcing bars it? whose ends abut the girderreinforcing bars 15 and are Welded to them. This type of continuity connection is more fully disclosed in connection with FIG. 10, and in my pending application Ser. No. 671,317, Precast Reinforced Concrete Framing System, filed July 11, 1957.

The lower reinforcement members 11 in the floor members 3 are welded to pipes 16 and bolts 17 that pass through those pipes and are secured into nuts 18, which are welded to the girder-reinforcing 13 and the reinforcement 13 is welded to lower primary girder reinforcement l9.

FlG. 2 shows a column 2% that corresponds to the column 2, supporting continuous girders 2.1 and 22. Up per primary reinforcing bars 23 and 24 are welded together at 25 in girder recesses 26. The recess 26 and joints 27 are grouted. These abutting girders 21 and 22 are continuous and similar to girder l in FIG. 1. When the ends of the girders 2i and 22 are connected together and grouted, a tight-fitting broad shackle is formed that rigidly secures the girders and columns together. This type of girder affords a wide reinforced concrete band extending on both sides of the columns, the entire length of the building. These broad bands act as stifr'eners to the building. The wide girders also reduce the spans between parallel girders thus saving in cost of floor members. Each side of these girders only takes one-half the span and this greatly reduces the depth of the girder, which is very important in multi-story buildings.

PEG. 3 shows half girders Z8 and 29. Girder reinforcements 3d are welded together at joint 31. Girders 28 and 29 rest on brackets 32 of continuous columns. Girder ledges 33 support floor members 34, a plan View of FIG. 3 being similar to that of PEG. 2.

FIG. 4 shows a solid type of continuous girder 35 that supports floor members 36. A bolt 37 passes through the girder 35 and a column 33 thereby supports the girder 35. This eliminates brackets on the column. A plan View of FIG. 4 is similar to that of H6. 2.

FIG. 5 shows a type of continuous girder 39 similar to the girder in FIG. 4, except it has sloping sides 4b to umn vertical reinforcing 70.

support hall or floor members 41. A bolt 42 passes through the girder 39, and a column 43a supports girder 39. A hollow floor member 41 has open-end that is bulkheaded by plywood 43. Temporary supports 44- hold floor members 41 while grout is poured between the joints at 45. Top reinforcement in floor members 41 is Welded to reinforcement in the girder 39, similarly as in FIG. 1. Floor members in FIGS. 3 and 4 have their top reinforcement welded to reinforcing in thegirders. A plan view of FIG. would be similar to FIG. 1 except for shape of the shoulders on the girder 39.

FIG. 6 shows a girder 46 that supports floor members 47. This girder has upper and lower outside flanges 425. Floor members rest on the lower flanges 48. A stud bolt 49 passes through pipes 58 that are embedded in the upper and lower flanges and also through floor members 47. The girder rests on brackets 51 of the continuous column.

FIG. 7 shows a continuous girder 52 resting on brackets 53 of a continuous column, and floor members 54 rest on girder shelves 535. These girder shelves extend across the side faces of the column, and the shelves '55 abut similar shelves of a girder disposed on the opposite side of its column. Top girder reinforcement 56 is welded to reinforcing that passes through the column, similar to the connection shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 8 shows girders 57 that rest on brackets 58 of a continuous column 59. Reinforcing 60 is embedded in the concrete of the column 59 and extends past both sides thereof and is welded at 61 toreinforcing 62 in the girders 5'7. Plates 63 are welded to the girder reinforcing 62 and the column reinforcing 6i Recesses 64 are concreted after the welding operations. Lower girder reinforcement 65 is welded to pipes 66. Bolts 67 pass through these pipes and are connected to nuts 68 that are welded to column reinforcing 69, which is in turn welded to col- Girder reinforcements 62 and 65 are welded to vertical and sloping reinforcing 71. All shear in the girders is resisted by reinforcement 71. The girder concrete takes no moment shear. This type of reinforcing in the girders and the floor members provides a continuous upper reinforcing and a continuous lower reinforcing, both extending across the entire width of the building. The vertical and sloping reinforcing which unites the upper and lower reinforcing assures metallic Contact between the primary reinforcements in the girder and the floor members. This FIGURE 8 also shows the welded connection'between the reinforcing in the columns, girders and the fioor members. This metallic connection between all precast reinforced concrete members is of great importance in rigidly tying all the concrete building members together.

FIG. 9 shows a pair of continuous girders 72 that rest on column brackets 73. Continuous hollow floor mem bers 74 rest on girders 72. Bolts 75 tie the girders 72 to column reinforcing 76 which is welded to vertical column reinforcement 77. Upper bolts 78 tie the girders 72 to the hollow floor members 74. Bolts 78 enter nuts 79 which are welded to floor member reinforcing 80, which is welded together at their ends at joint 81. Upper floor member reinforcements 82 are Welded together at their ends, at joint 83. Nuts 75 and 78 are welded to reinforcing 84 in the girders 72. Continuous girders 72 and hollow floor members tightly shackle the column 85. The welding of the reinforcing together and the bolting to reinforcement assures a rigid connection around the column. The hollow floors are cut to fit the column snugly. Grout is poured between the column and the floor members. To prevent grout escaping adhesive tape is stuck at the lower portions of the floor members and seals all crevices of escape.

FIG. shows a continuous girder 86 supported on a column 87. Floor members 88 rest on the girder at brackets 89. Upper reinforcement 90 projects over a continuity plate 91 which-is welded to upper reinforcing 92 in the girder. The ends of reinforcement 96 are welded to the plate 91 and to the reinforcing 92. After welding, the recesses 93 are grouted. By placing floor member reinforcement 99 in the same plane as the girder reinforcement 92, there is a saving in concrete in the girder, as generally the floor member primary reinforcing extends across the girder above the primary reinforcement in the girder. This invention saves generally three inches of concrete required in the top of precast concrete girders.

A tie Plate 94 is welded to girder primary reinforcing 95. Ties 96 are welded to plates 91 and 94. Bolts 97 extend through pipes 98 which are welded to cover reinforcing 99 of the floor members. Bolts 97 enter nuts 100 which are welded to the plate 94. Bolts 101 enter pipes 192 which are welded to tie 103. Bolts 101 enter nuts 164 that are welded to reinforcing 95.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a column 105 supporting continuous girders 106 that'have shelvesltl? on which rest floor members 138. Primary longitudinally-extending reinforcements 109 in the girders 106 are welded together at 110, in recesses 111. Primary longitudinally-extending reinforcements 112 in the floor members project into recesses 111, and their ends abut the outside girder reinforcing 1G9 and are welded thereto at 113. Column continuity plate 114 is welded to column primary vertical reinforcement 115. Field-assembled girder continuity plates 116 are Welded to floor member reinforcing 112 and girder reinforcing 199. Plates 116 enter column recesses under the column plate 114. Plates 116 and plate 114 are welded together at 118. Girders 106 have pipes 119 embedded adjacent to the columns. Dowels 120 enter these pipes and are grouted in, and the top ends of the dowels may also be welded to the pipes 119. The dowels 120 are screwed into nuts 121 which are welded to column reinforcing 122. Bolts 123 pass through pipes 124 which are welded to girder reinforcing 125. Bolts 123 enter nuts 126 which are welded to lower primary fioor member reinforcing 127. Column reinforcing 122 is welded to column reinforcing 115. After the welding operations recesses 111 are concreted. The primary reinforcements in column, girder and floor members are all welded together, thus providing rigid metallic connection between the rigid steel reinforcing frames that are embedded in the concrete of the column, girder and building members.

FIG. 13 shows a column-128 with one-piece continuity plates 129 and'nuts 13G integrally formed to the plates. These plates 129 may be made of cast steel in which each continuity casting has threaded nuts at both ends. The continuity plates 129 and nuts 130 are welded to column reinforcement 131. This type of continuity plate is useful when bolts pass horizontally through the girders and enter the nuts 130.

FIGS. 14 and 15 show a precast reinforced concrete hollow column 132 supporting continuous precast reinforced concrete hollow grider 133. Precast reinforced concrete hollow floor or roof slabs 134 rest on girder 133. Bolts 13S enter nuts 136 that are embedded in the girder concrete. This tightly secures the slabs 134 to the girder 133. These bolts are reached through hand holes 137. Other hand holes 138 are provided in the top of slabs 134 and hand holes or outlets 139 are positioned in the bottom of slabs 134. The slabs communicate with each other through spaced holes 140, and the hollow slabs 134 communicate with the hollow girder 133 through holes 141 in the sides of the girder. The hollow girder 133 communicates with the hollow column 132 through holes 142 in the column 132. Handholes'143 are positioned in the top and bottom of the girder 133. Hand holes 144 positioned in column 132 afford communication with the interior of the column, and metal plates 14S covering all of the handholes may have small holes for the accommodation of wires for external purposes.

Handholes 139 are useful for the accommodation of ceiling lights, and when the slabs are used in a roof due to the roofing material blocking the use of the top handholes, the lower handholes 139 will be most useful. The

1) handholes in the floor slabs and the girder are in alinemeut and the upper and lower handholes in the girder are also in alinement. The primary slab reinforcing 146 may be welded to the reinforcing in the girder at its joint, through handhole 137.

FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 show a floor system that comprises an intermediate concrete column 147 and an end concrete column 148 that support a continuous girder 149 which rests on column brackets 15%. Floor concrete slabs 151 rest on girder shoulders 152. Floor slabs 153 have cantilever extensions that abut at joints 154, and reinforcing 155 at joints between each slab is welded together. Upper reinforcing rods 156 in the legs 157 abut and are welded to reinforcing 158 embedded in the concrete of the girder 149 adjacent to its top surface. Reinforcing rods 156 in slabs 153, and reinforcing rods 156 are welded to slab reinforcing rods 158; thus the column 147 is completely surrounded by slab reinforcing, as the rods 156 are in reality one with rods 158 in slabs. This arrangement of the legs of the slabs 153 gets around the column 147 and provides continuous reinforced concrete slabs. An end floor slab 159 rests on end column 148, one of its legs 160 being made thicker to carry outside wall 161.

FIG. 19 shows atypical concrete girder 162, and a concrete floor member 163 that rests on the girders shoulder 164. A not 165 is welded to the floor member reinforcing rod 166. A threaded pin 167 is screwed into nut 165, and it enters a larger nut 168 that is welded to a girder cross bar 169. Before the threaded pin 167 enters the nut 168, the nut 168 is filled with a liquid neat Portland cement grout 176. When the grout hardens, it keys the pin 167 within the threaded nut 168. The surplus displaced grout squeezes out at the joint between the shoulder 164 and the floor member 163. This provides a rigid connection.

FIG. 20 shows a girder 171, and a floor member 172 that rests on girder shoulder 173. A nut 174 is welded to a reinforcing rod 175 in the floor member 172. A bolt 176 enters the nut 174, through a pipe 177 which is welded to a girder reinforcing bar 178. The bolt 176 has fireproofing 179.

FIG. 21 shows a girder 180 that supports a floor concrete H-beam 181 which rests on a girder shoulder 182. A pipe 183 is welded to a reinforcing rod 184 in the beam 181. A fireproofed bolt 185 enters a nut 186 which is welded to a reinforcing bar 187 in the girder 180.

FIG. 22 shows a reinforced concrete column 188 with brackets 189 that support a reinforced concrete girder 191) which has shoulders 191 integrally cast thereto. I cut out some of the dead weight of the girder by cutting into the girder webs at 192. This leaves a space between that portion of the girder 190 and the column 188, through which pipes can pass the column. Floor members 194 rest on shoulders 191. Dowels 195 project above shoulders 191 and extend through pipes 196. These pipes are welded to lower floor member reinforcing 197 and upper reinforcing 198. Dowels 195 are also welded to the upper reinforcing 198. Upper reinforcing 198 is welded to a continuity plate 199 and to girder reinforcing 290. An open space is provided above the pipes 196, in the floor members 194, so that the dowels 195 can be welded to the reinforcing 198. The space at 202 is grout filled after the continuity welding is completed.

FIG. 23 shows precast concrete interior H-column 268 with flanges 261 and web 262. Precast concrete girders 263 rest on column flanges 261. H-column reinforcings 264 have nuts 265 welded thereto. H-girder reinforcings 266 have pipes 267 welded thereto at their ends. Bolts 268 pass through pipes 267 and enter nuts 265 in the H- column. Reinforcings 269 in H-girders 263 abut and are welded together at joint 270. Reinforcing 271 imbedded in concrete of H-column web 262 projects into joint 270 and is welded to reinforcings 269. Joint 270 is filled with grout after the welding operation. Bolts 268 are 8 tensioned to provide rigid metallic connection with H- girders and H-column.

FIG. 24 shows precast concrete end H-column 272 with flanges 273 and 274 and web 275. Precast concrete H- girder 275 rests on flange 273. H-girder upper flange 276 extends across the top of H-column 272. Reinforcing 277 in H-column flange 273 has nut 278 welded at its end. Pipe 279 is welded to H-girder reinforcing 2811. Bolt 281 passes through pipe 279 and enters nut 278. Reinforcing 282 in H-column flange 274 extends into pipe 283 which is welded to the H-girder top reinforcing 284. Pipe 283 is filled with grout. Bolt 281 is tensioned against pipe 279 and nut 278 to provide a rigid connection. By placing the girders directly on the column flanges instead of on projecting brackets, I greatly reduce bending in the columns. If I place the girders directly on top of the columns I lose the lateral bracing which the column webs provide as shown in FIG. 23 or the web and flange lateral bracing as shown in FIG. 24. I may weld a nut at end reinforcing 282 in FIG. 24 and bolt top flange of H-girder 275, tightly against pipe 283 and nut thus prestressing bolting H-girder 275 against H-column 272. This provides a rigid frame construction in FIG. 25 and FIG. 23 also shows a rigid frame construction. The continuity metal members such as 14 and 91 have a tension value equal to or greater than the building primary reinforcing bars which are welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the continuity metal members.

1 claim as my invention:

1. A frame-work for a building, that comprises continuous girders each of which includes a pair of axiallyaligned precast reinforced concrete units placed in endto-end abutting engagement, the abutting ends having vertically notched areas intermediate the side faces of the units, a column extending vertically through the notched areas at the abutting ends of each pair of units, a primary longitudinally-extending reinforcing bar imbedded in the concrete of each unit, adjacent to each side of its notched area, the end face of each bar of one unit substantially abutting the end face of a bar in the adjacent unit and being rigidly secured thereto.

2. A frame-work as recited in claim 1, wherein a pre cast reinforced concrete building member extends laterally from one of said girders, with its one end supported by the girder and closely abutting a vertical side of the girder, an upper longitudinally-extending primary reinforcing bar imbedded in the concrete of said building member in approximately the same plane as the adjacent first-named primary reinforcing bars and abutting a side of one of said bars and rigidly secured thereto, the tops of the building member and its associated girder being in approximately the same plane.

=3. A frame-work as recited in claim 1, wherein a precast reinforced concrete building member extends later ally from one of said girders, with its one end supported by the girder and closely abutting a vertical side of the girder, an upper longitudinally-extending primary reinforcing bar imbedded in the concrete of said building member in approximately the same plane as the adjacent first-named primary reinforcing bars and abutting a side of one of said bars and rigidly secured thereto, the tops of the building member and said one girder being in approximately the same plane, and a continuity metal member is rigidly secured to the primary reinforcing bars in said units and to said bar in said building member.

4. A frame-work as recited in claim 1, wherein the primary bars have their ends flush with the abutting areas of the units, but there are outwardly exposed pockets that provide access to the bars, for connecting them in end-to-end relation.

5. A frame-work as recited in claim 1, that includes a continuity metal member rigidly secured to the said reinforcing bars at each side of the notched areas where each pair of said units abut.

6. A framework as recited in claim 5, wherein each 7 e continuitymetal member is rigidly secured to 'a metal 1,205,465 member that is imbedded in said column. 2,413,562

References Cited-in the file of this patent UNITED STATES'PATENTS 5 134,591

1,031,044 Conzelman July 2, 1912 5 ,39 1,031,079 Meier July 2, 1912 708,726 1,045,520 Conzelman Nov. 26, 1912 467,791

8 Maguire'et -a1.- Now-21, 1916 Henderson Dec. 31, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain 7 1919 France ....V 1922 France May 4, 1931 Canada 1950 

1. A FRAME-WORK FOR A BUILDING THAT COMPRISES CONTINUOUS GIRDERS EACH OF WHICH INCLUDES A PAIR OF AXIALLYALIGNED PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE UNITS PLACED IN ENDTO-END ABUTTING ENGAGEMENT, THE ABUTTING ENDS HAVING VERTICALLY NOTCHED AREAS INTERMEDIATE THE SIDE FACES OF THE UNITS, A COLUMN EXTENDING VERTICALLY THROUGH THE NOTCHED AREAS AT THE ABUTTING ENDS OF EACH PAIR OF UNITS, A PRIMARY LONGITUDINALLY-EXTENDING REINFORCING BAR IMBEDDED IN THE CONCRETE OF EACH UNIT, ADJACENT TO EACH SIDE OF ITS NOTCHED AREA, THE END FACE OF EACH BAR OF ONE UNIT SUBSTANTIALLY ABUTTING THE END FACE OF A BAR IN THE ADJACENT UNIT AND BEING RIGIDLY SECURED THERETO. 